The annual gynecological check-up: what it includes and why it matters

Mikhail Derebenchenko — GP, obstetrician-gynecologist

Why come when nothing hurts

Most gynecological conditions, including the serious ones, are silent early on. Cervical changes, fibroids, cysts and polyps are usually found at a routine visit rather than because of symptoms. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommends an annual well-woman visit even when everything feels fine — while the Pap test itself is now needed less often. October, the month of Pink October, is a traditional reminder of this around the world.

What the visit includes

• History and examination — the doctor reviews your history, any complaints and your risk factors.
• Pelvic ultrasound — the core tool, showing the condition of the uterus and ovaries. It is done during the appointment and the findings are discussed with you the same visit.
• Cervical screening — Pap and/or HPV testing. Under current guidance (ACS 2020–2025, ACOG) screening starts at 21–25: primary HPV testing every 5 years, or cytology every 3 years. Your doctor will set the right interval for your age and history.
• Colposcopy and further tests — only when indicated, never routinely.

How to prepare

The first half of the cycle, after menstruation ends, is usually the best window — but if something is bothering you acutely, come any day. No special preparation is normally required for the examination or the scan; our reception will confirm the details when you book.

How it works here

At GMS the examination, pelvic ultrasound and Pap test are done in a single visit, with the results explained at the appointment. Consultations are held in English and Russian, and we work with insurance.

What this is based on

• ACOG. Why Annual Pap Smears Are History — But Routine Ob-Gyn Visits Are Not
• American Cancer Society. Updated Cervical Cancer Screening Guideline (2025)

FAQ

Why see a gynecologist if nothing hurts?

Most gynecological conditions, including the serious ones, are silent early on. Cervical changes, fibroids, cysts and polyps are usually found at a routine visit rather than because of symptoms.

Do I need a Pap test every year?

Not necessarily. Under current guidance screening starts at 21–25, with primary HPV testing every 5 years or cytology every 3 years. Your doctor will set the right interval for your age and history.

When should I book and how do I prepare?

The first half of the cycle, after menstruation ends, is usually the best window — but if something is bothering you acutely, come any day. No special preparation is normally required for the examination or the scan.

This article is for information only and does not replace a consultation. If you have symptoms, see a doctor.

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